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KMID : 0387320230330030338
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Korean Journal of Health Policy and Administration
2023 Volume.33 No. 3 p.338 ~ p.354
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Social CaAn Analysis of Factors Affecting Financial and Operating Efficiency at Regional Public Hospitalpital Trends and the Relationship between Social Capital and COVID-19?Related Behaviors & Perception
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Lee Geun-Chan
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Abstract
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Background: The influence of social capital on the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and related behaviors andperceptions has been recognized during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to analyze the trends in social capital using primarydata from the Korean Community Health Survey, which is the only available source in Korea for local-level social capital analysis. Italso investigates the relationship between various variables, including social capital, as factors influencing COVID-19?relatedbehaviors and perceptions.
Methods: The study analyzed the temporal trends of social capital using raw data from four community health surveys conductedin 2017, 2019, 2020, and 2021. A multilevel analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between social capital and COVID-19?related behaviors and perceptions following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020.
Results: Social capital consists of trust, bonding social capital, and bridging social capital. Within the trust sub-factor, trust inneighbors (Trust-1) declined after the COVID-19 pandemic, whereas trust in safety and general environment (Trust-2) and trust inmedical services and public transportation (Trust-3) increased. Additionally, the gap between municipalities narrowed. COVID-19?related behaviors and perceptions, such as adherence to COVID-19 prevention measures, return to normal activities, and fear ofCOVID-19, showed improvement in 2021 compared to the previous year. Individual-level trust in neighbors was associated withreduced fear of COVID-19, while community-level trust in neighbors was associated with increased fear of COVID-19.
Conclusion: Social capital plays a role in mitigating public health crises, and it is necessary to implement active policies that addressthe gap in social capital between metropolitan and rural areas. Strengthening risk communication regarding emerging infectiousdiseases such as COVID-19 is crucial.
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KEYWORD
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COVID-19, Social capital, Trust, Health behavior, Community Health Survey
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